BIOCHEMICAL REGULATION OF THE CELL CYCLE AND ITS DISRUPTIONS IN TUMORS

Abstract

The cell cycle is a complex and dynamic system that regulates cell growth, DNA replication, and division. This process is controlled through cyclins, cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs), CDK inhibitors, and checkpoints. CDKs, when combined with cyclins, signal the cell to progress to the next phase of the cell cycle, making their activity a central mechanism for controlling cell division. If these regulatory mechanisms are disrupted, cells divide uncontrollably, leading to tumor (cancer) development. This article analyzes the biochemical regulation of the cell cycle, its genetic and molecular mechanisms, as well as the consequences of regulatory disruption in tumor cells, based on various statistical studies and experiments. The article contributes to a deeper understanding of diseases associated with cell cycle dysregulation and supports the advancement of oncological research and therapeutic strategies.