MORPHOFUNCTIONAL CHANGES IN THE WALL OF THE BRONCHIAL TREE OF THE LUNGS IN DIABETES MELLITUS

Abstract

Based on numerous studies, it has been established that the leading role in the development of chronic damage to the airways, along with violations of immunological reactivity, belongs to mucociliary insufficiency and is characterized by changes in the bronchial tree, which are accompanied by a violation of the secretary function of the bronchi. At the same time, morphofunctional disorders naturally occur, primarily in the epithelial layer of the bronchial tree. In the works of many authors, it is indicated that in conditions of chronic inflammation in the epithelium there are violations of regenerative ability, cell proliferation and differentiation, which plays an important role in damage to mucociliary clearance and, as a consequence, in violation of the protective function of the respiratory system. Despite numerous studies of the respiratory organs in patients with diabetes mellitus, the data obtained are contradictory. In the literature available to us, no detailed morphometric study of the epithelial lining of the lower airways in diabetes mellitus has been found. In recent years, more and more attention has been paid to the problem of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in diabetes. This is due not only to the increase in morbidity, but also to the high mortality rate in patients with this disease. To date, COPD is an extremely serious medical and social problem