DEVELOPMENT OF DIGITAL ANATOMICAL MODELS FOR VIRTUAL SIMULATION OF SURGICAL OPERATIONS

Abstract

The development of digital anatomical models has become a fundamental component of modern virtual surgical simulation, transforming both medical education and clinical practice. As surgical procedures become increasingly complex, the need for accurate, interactive, and patient-specific anatomical representations continues to grow. Digital models derived from high-resolution CT, MRI, and multimodal imaging enable a level of visualization and manipulation that traditional cadaveric training cannot fully provide. Using advanced techniques such as deep learning–based segmentation, 3D mesh reconstruction, biomechanical modeling, and real-time rendering, developers can create highly realistic anatomical structures that replicate tissue behavior, spatial relationships, and surgical instrument interactions.