The Role and Significance of Encyclopedic Scholars in the Development of Cultural Life During the 9th–12th Centuries

Abstract

Central Asia achieved unprecedented development in science and culture during the 9th-12th centuries. During this period, many scholars and intellectuals emerged, leaving behind a significant spiritual legacy. Their great works had a profound impact not only on the era in which they lived but also on the development of science in subsequent times. Scholars such as Al-Khwarizmi, Al-Biruni, Ibn Sina, and Al-Farabi, whose scientific legacies occupy a unique place in the development of the spiritual and cultural life of that time, played a key role. Undoubtedly, one of the main reasons for this development was the establishment of centralized states in these territories. These states created excellent conditions for the advancement of science and architecture. As a result, a culture developed that is recognized worldwide.