PALEOGEOGRAPHIC CONDITIONS AND SOIL-FORMING ROCKS OF THE ADJACENT TERRITORY OF THE CENTRAL FERGANA RESERVOIR

Abstract

This article analyzes the paleogeographic conditions of the adjacent territories of the Central Fergana Reservoir and the complex genesis of the parent rocks. It is shown that the ancient aeolian relief of the area and subsequent sedimentation processes in the lacustrine-proluvial plain formed deposits with a layered structure and sharply differing lithological characteristics. As a result of geochemical processes associated with changes in the groundwater regime, the "arzyk" and "shokh" layers, rich in gypsum (CaSO4⋅2H2O) and carbonates (CaCO3), are formed in the lower part of the soil profile. It is scientifically substantiated that this ancient lithogenetic legacy is the main factor determining the current complex meliorative state and the tendency towards salinization and waterlogging of the region's soils.